En: Freemasonry under the Nazis - Versionsgeschichte

ChristophS: Textersetzung - „http://www.lyceumlodge.com/index.php“ durch „https://www.lyceumlodge.co.za/“

2025-05-01T07:45:38Z

Textersetzung - „http://www.lyceumlodge.com/index.php“ durch „https://www.lyceumlodge.co.za/“

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	==Links==		==Links==
	*To the English Magazine 'The Square': http://www.thesquaremagazine.com		*To the English Magazine 'The Square': http://www.thesquaremagazine.com
	*One of the lodges founded by David Lewis in Johannesburg with more papers written by him: ~~http~~://www.lyceumlodge.~~com~~/~~index.php~~		*One of the lodges founded by David Lewis in Johannesburg with more papers written by him: https://www.lyceumlodge.co.za/

	{{Languages\|Die Freimaurerei Europas unter den Nazis\|Deutsch}}		{{Languages\|Die Freimaurerei Europas unter den Nazis\|Deutsch}}

ChristophS: link to similar article

2025-04-10T19:28:43Z

link to similar article

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	==See also==		==See also==
	*[[~~Die Freimaurerei Europas unter den Nazis~~]]~~: a shortened version of this article in German Language.~~		*[[En: Freemasonry under the Nazi-Regime]]
	*[[En: What is Freemasonry?]]: a public presentation by Daved Lewis (Englisch)		*[[En: What is Freemasonry?]]: a public presentation by Daved Lewis (Englisch)
	*[[En: Lyceum Lodge of Research No. 8682]]		*[[En: Lyceum Lodge of Research No. 8682]]

ChristophS: link to German

2025-04-10T13:31:57Z

link to German

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	*To the English Magazine 'The Square': http://www.thesquaremagazine.com		*To the English Magazine 'The Square': http://www.thesquaremagazine.com
	*One of the lodges founded by David Lewis in Johannesburg with more papers written by him: http://www.lyceumlodge.com/index.php		*One of the lodges founded by David Lewis in Johannesburg with more papers written by him: http://www.lyceumlodge.com/index.php

			{{Languages\|Die Freimaurerei Europas unter den Nazis\|Deutsch}}

	{{SORTIERUNG:Nazis}}		{{SORTIERUNG:Nazis}}
	[[Kategorie:English]]		[[Kategorie:English]]
	[[Kategorie:Germany]]		[[Kategorie:Germany]]

Urbantactics: Zusätzl. Kategorie

2016-10-12T08:55:06Z

Zusätzl. Kategorie

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	{{SORTIERUNG:Nazis}}		{{SORTIERUNG:Nazis}}
	[[Kategorie:English~~\|Freemasonry under the Nazis~~]]		[[Kategorie:English]]
			[[Kategorie:Germany]]

Urbantactics am 18. Februar 2016 um 12:08 Uhr

2016-02-18T12:08:25Z

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	*[[En: Lyceum Lodge of Research No. 8682]]		*[[En: Lyceum Lodge of Research No. 8682]]

	===Links===		==Links==
	*To the English Magazine 'The Square': http://www.thesquaremagazine.com		*To the English Magazine 'The Square': http://www.thesquaremagazine.com
	*One of the lodges founded by David Lewis in Johannesburg with more papers written by him: http://www.lyceumlodge.com/index.php		*One of the lodges founded by David Lewis in Johannesburg with more papers written by him: http://www.lyceumlodge.com/index.php

Urbantactics: Internen Link beigefügt

2016-02-18T12:07:46Z

Internen Link beigefügt

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	26. Erwin Bohnacker e-mail 9/3/2012		26. Erwin Bohnacker e-mail 9/3/2012

	===See also===		==See also==
	*[[Die Freimaurerei Europas unter den Nazis]]: a shortened version of this article in German Language.		*[[Die Freimaurerei Europas unter den Nazis]]: a shortened version of this article in German Language.
	*[[En: What is Freemasonry?]]: a public presentation by Daved Lewis (Englisch)		*[[En: What is Freemasonry?]]: a public presentation by Daved Lewis (Englisch)
			*[[En: Lyceum Lodge of Research No. 8682]]

	===Links===		===Links===

Urbantactics: Formatiert (Inhaltsverzeichnis basiert nur auf Überschriften, nicht Fettschrift)

2016-01-25T11:54:36Z

Formatiert (Inhaltsverzeichnis basiert nur auf Überschriften, nicht Fettschrift)

Änderungen zeigen

Rudirabe37 am 28. Oktober 2015 um 16:06 Uhr

2015-10-28T16:06:17Z

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	'''(2) Hungary'''		'''(2) Hungary'''

	László from Budapest sent me the following amendment: "In 1919, Béla Kun proclaimed the dictatorship ~~of the~~ proletariat in Hungary and public ownership ~~of the masonic properties was taken~~. After the fall of the dictatorship of the proletariat the leaders of counter-revolution as Miklós Horthy ~~accused~~ the Hungarian ~~Freemasons~~ for ~~the~~ First World War defeat and the revolution. Masonry was outlawed by a decree in 1920. This marked the start of raids by army officers on Masonic lodges along with theft, and sometimes destruction, of Masonic libraries, records, archives, paraphernalia, and works of art. Several Masonic buildings were seized and used for anti-Masonic exhibitions. Fortunately, the masonic documents were archived, preserved and still ~~be researched~~.		László from Budapest sent me the following amendment: <br/> In 1919, Béla Kun proclaimed the dictatorship oft he proletariat in Hungary and Masonic properties were taken into public ownership. After the fall of the dictatorship of the proletariat the leaders of counter-revolution as Miklós Horthy blamed the Hungarian freemasons for their First World War defeat and for the revolution. Masonry was outlawed by a decree in 1920. This marked the start of raids by army officers on Masonic lodges along with theft, and sometimes destruction, of Masonic libraries, records, archives, paraphernalia, and works of art. Several Masonic buildings were seized and used for anti-Masonic exhibitions. Fortunately, the masonic documents were archived, preserved and may still used for research.

			After World War 2 in post war Hungary lodges were re-established, but after five years the government described them as "meeting places of the enemies of the people's democratic republic, of capitalistic elements, and of the adherents of Western imperialism". They were banned again in 1950.

	After 1945 in post war Hungary, the re-established lodges after five years working were described by the communist regime as "meeting places of the enemies of the people's democratic republic, of capitalistic elements, and of the adherents of Western imperialism", so in 1950 banned them again."

	'''(3) And a short comment about the numbers of the Nazi victims'''		'''(3) And a short comment about the numbers of the Nazi victims'''

Rudirabe37 am 26. Oktober 2015 um 07:23 Uhr

2015-10-26T07:23:16Z

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	<br/>		<br/>

	'''~~TWO~~ ADDITIONS BY [[Rudi Rabe]], editor of Freimaurer-Wiki:'''		'''THREE ADDITIONS BY [[Rudi Rabe]], editor of Freimaurer-Wiki:'''

	'''(1) Finland'''		'''(1) Finland'''
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	During the War Finland had a high-ranking freemason as president. His name was Risto Ryti and he was Finnish prime minister in 1939 to 1940 and president in 1940 to 1944. There were no bans nor orders given by the Finnish government or by the Germans to terminate the masonic activities in Finland. Although there were lots of anti-masonic articles published by the national socialist magazines they did not affect the public opinion in general. The freemasons themselves decided to suspend (interrupt) all the masonic activities for an indefinite period in Finland because that was thought to be of national interest. In theory the Finnish lodges could have continued their masonic work also in the years 1941 to 1944. The only concrete obstacle for that would have been, of course, the absence of brethren who were fighting in the war. The suspension of masonic work lasted from February 14th 1941 to 8th of May 1945.		During the War Finland had a high-ranking freemason as president. His name was Risto Ryti and he was Finnish prime minister in 1939 to 1940 and president in 1940 to 1944. There were no bans nor orders given by the Finnish government or by the Germans to terminate the masonic activities in Finland. Although there were lots of anti-masonic articles published by the national socialist magazines they did not affect the public opinion in general. The freemasons themselves decided to suspend (interrupt) all the masonic activities for an indefinite period in Finland because that was thought to be of national interest. In theory the Finnish lodges could have continued their masonic work also in the years 1941 to 1944. The only concrete obstacle for that would have been, of course, the absence of brethren who were fighting in the war. The suspension of masonic work lasted from February 14th 1941 to 8th of May 1945.

	'''(2) A short comment about the numbers of the Nazi victims'''		'''(2) Hungary'''

			László from Budapest sent me the following amendment: "In 1919, Béla Kun proclaimed the dictatorship of the proletariat in Hungary and public ownership of the masonic properties was taken. After the fall of the dictatorship of the proletariat the leaders of counter-revolution as Miklós Horthy accused the Hungarian Freemasons for the First World War defeat and the revolution. Masonry was outlawed by a decree in 1920. This marked the start of raids by army officers on Masonic lodges along with theft, and sometimes destruction, of Masonic libraries, records, archives, paraphernalia, and works of art. Several Masonic buildings were seized and used for anti-Masonic exhibitions. Fortunately, the masonic documents were archived, preserved and still be researched.

			After 1945 in post war Hungary, the re-established lodges after five years working were described by the communist regime as "meeting places of the enemies of the people's democratic republic, of capitalistic elements, and of the adherents of Western imperialism", so in 1950 banned them again."

			'''(3) And a short comment about the numbers of the Nazi victims'''

	The articles worth reading by David Lewis provide a compact overview of how the Nazis and other, more or less comparable regimes, dealt with Freemasons in the first half of the twentieth century in some countries, with consequences that continue to be felt well into the twenty-first century.		The articles worth reading by David Lewis provide a compact overview of how the Nazis and other, more or less comparable regimes, dealt with Freemasons in the first half of the twentieth century in some countries, with consequences that continue to be felt well into the twenty-first century.

Rudirabe37 am 15. September 2015 um 09:37 Uhr

2015-09-15T09:37:37Z

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	----		----
	<br/>		<br/>
	'''~~Finland~~''' (~~Completion by Freimaurer-Wiki~~)
			'''TWO ADDITIONS BY [[Rudi Rabe]], editor of Freimaurer-Wiki:'''

			'''(1) Finland'''

	Though the Republic of Finland during WW2 as an ally of Germany against the Soviet Union was somehow in Hitlers influence zone, David Lewis did not mention it. So Freimaurer-Wiki asked the ‚Grandlodge of Finland’ for some informationen. Here is it:		Though the Republic of Finland during WW2 as an ally of Germany against the Soviet Union was somehow in Hitlers influence zone, David Lewis did not mention it. So Freimaurer-Wiki asked the ‚Grandlodge of Finland’ for some informationen. Here is it:

	During the War Finland had a high-ranking freemason as president. His name was Risto Ryti and he was Finnish prime minister in 1939 to 1940 and president in 1940 to 1944. There were no bans nor orders given by the Finnish government or by the Germans to terminate the masonic activities in Finland. Although there were lots of anti-masonic articles published by the national socialist magazines they did not affect the public opinion in general. The freemasons themselves decided to suspend (interrupt) all the masonic activities for an indefinite period in Finland because that was thought to be of national interest. In theory the Finnish lodges could have continued their masonic work also in the years 1941 to 1944. The only concrete obstacle for that would have been, of course, the absence of brethren who were fighting in the war. The suspension of masonic work lasted from February 14th 1941 to 8th of May 1945.		During the War Finland had a high-ranking freemason as president. His name was Risto Ryti and he was Finnish prime minister in 1939 to 1940 and president in 1940 to 1944. There were no bans nor orders given by the Finnish government or by the Germans to terminate the masonic activities in Finland. Although there were lots of anti-masonic articles published by the national socialist magazines they did not affect the public opinion in general. The freemasons themselves decided to suspend (interrupt) all the masonic activities for an indefinite period in Finland because that was thought to be of national interest. In theory the Finnish lodges could have continued their masonic work also in the years 1941 to 1944. The only concrete obstacle for that would have been, of course, the absence of brethren who were fighting in the war. The suspension of masonic work lasted from February 14th 1941 to 8th of May 1945.

			'''(2) A short comment about the numbers of the Nazi victims'''

			The articles worth reading by David Lewis provide a compact overview of how the Nazis and other, more or less comparable regimes, dealt with Freemasons in the first half of the twentieth century in some countries, with consequences that continue to be felt well into the twenty-first century.
			However, the numbers of victims are not always accurate. Above all, when it comes to the murdered Masons, they are sometimes exaggerated. That certainly applies to Austria, from which we know the number of victims accurately, due to recent research.

			This leads to a problem of which I became more aware of while dealing with this "dark period ." For a lengthy time there has been in Freemasonry a tendency to exaggerate its own victim status. This lends prestige. In order not to be misunderstood: The monstrous crimes of Nazi Germany are undisputed. And obviously the Nazis robbed, suppressed and banned Freemasonry. But at least in the Greater German Reich, which included also Austria from 1938, and from 1939-40 more peripheral areas as the Sudetenland, parts of Poland, the Freemasons were generally not killed because they were Freemasons but - and this is important - for different reasons: because they were Jews or political opponants in the eyes of the Nazis. I must concede, however, it may well be that the conditions were more complex in countries conquered and occupied by the Nazis countries. I can not judge.

			Anyway, I think we should not blur these differences. In particular in English reports I've read figures of one hundred thousand or more Masons murdered by the Nazis. These are dimensions at which one does not arrive at, even if one ignores this distinction.